Relationship between the different developmental stages and learning:

There are mainly three 3 stages of developmental, Early childhood (0-6 years), Middle Childhood (7-12 years) and Adolescence (13-21 years) (Yunus, Razali, & Jantan, 2011). At this point, it is needed to highlight the fact that the behavioral perspective denies the notion of people universally pass through a series of stages. Behaviorism emphasizes the effect of environmental stimuli which people are to be exposed. In Operant conditioning, whether the child or adult repeating a behavior is backed up by the fact that the behavior is followed by reinforcement.

 Early childhood (0-6 years):

            It is one of the most crucial stages in the development of a human. From this stage onwards, human actions can be molded in any way we want. At this stage the most basic elements of the life like walking, jumping, speaking and so on and so forth is learned (Yunus, Razali, & Jantan, 2011). At this stage even, operant conditioning plays an important role. For example let us take an example of a child who is trying to draw a bird. When the child draws a several lines in a paper, in an unorganized pattern, the parent claps and laughs which makes the child to repeat the behavior again. As explained by the skinner in his experiment, the rat repeated the behavior because he got a desired response. The child has got a desired response even when the child drew several lines, therefore the child will be reinforced to repeat the action again. But, if there is no response to the action the child did, the behavior will be diminished.

Middle Childhood (7-12 years):

           The middle childhood is the phase where children are more exposed to the environment surrounding them. Children develop in terms of cognitive, emotional, physical and so on so forth. Here the important factor to highlight is that in this stage, the conditioning process will be much easier and much needed. Every child is unique in certain ways, but if they are conditioned in the proper manner the child will be a productive child to the society (Yunus, Razali, & Jantan, 2011). In this stage, for example a child does not want to socialize, but the socializing can be improved if the child is given a desired response from socializing. For example a child likes to reads books, by sending her to a community where the people are also interested in reading books, the child will be interested to be with them since she is getting to read books and get information about books if she is with them. Therefore, the behavior will be reinforced, similar way if they have different interests, the behavior will be diminished. It is unlikely that she will want to socialize.

Adolescence (13-21 years):

            At this stage, the behavior of the individual is more matured and more influenced by the environment which is surrounding them (Yunus, Razali, & Jantan, 2011). At this stage, some may think that the behavior cannot be molded since the individual has become mature and he has his own thoughts and ideas. But according to the Operant conditioning, the things that are happening in the mind of the individual is not much cared for, instead is the behavior that is important and that can be shaped in any way we want, given the correct response. For example, an individual choosing a career to study, if he is assured of the benefits of that particular career, then he will be more willing to choose that carrier. The individual is reinforced on his decision. However, if we point out the limitations and overweigh the limitations over the pros, then the likely possibility is that the individual will no longer have interest in choosing that career. Therefore, the action is something that is revolved around the consequence of that particular action.